一九八四

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一九八四

写给未来或写给过去，写给一个思想自由的时代，写给一个人人各异又不孤独为继的时代——写给一个真相常在又既事遂毕的时代：来自同化无异的年代，来自荒僻独居的年代，来自老大哥的年代，来自双重思想的年代——敬礼！

一九八四（英语：Nineteen Eighty-Four）是英国著名作家奥威尔创作的一部政治讽刺小说。在这篇作品中，奥威尔深刻分析了打著社会主义旗号的极权主义社会，并且刻划了一个令人感到窒息和恐怖的，以追逐权力为最终目标的社会，通过对这个社会中一个普通人生活的细致刻画，投射出了现实生活中极权主义的本质。

第一部

第一章

两分钟仇恨之所以可怕，不是你必须参加表演，而是要避不参加是不可能的。不出三十秒钟，一切矜持都没有必要了。一种夹杂着恐惧和报复情绪的快意，一种要杀人、虐待、用大铁锤痛打别人脸孔的欲望，似乎象一股电流一般穿过了这一群人，甚至使你违反本意地变成一个恶声叫喊的疯子。

• 四月间，天气寒冷晴朗，钟敲了十三下。

  It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen.

• 老大哥在看着你。

  BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU

• 打倒老大哥

  DOWN WITH BIG BROTHER

• 真理部关注新闻、娱乐、教育和美术；和平部关注战争；爱部维护法律和秩序；还有富部负责经济事务。它们在新语里叫，至真、至和、至爱和至富。

  The Ministry of Truth, which concerned itself with news, entertainment, education and the fine arts. The Ministry of Peace, which concerned itself with war. The Ministry of Love, which maintained law and order. And the Ministry of Plenty, which was responsible for economic affairs. Their names, in Newspeak: Minitrue, Minipax, Miniluv, and Miniplenty.

• 两分钟仇恨之所以可怕，并不是你必须到场参加，而是你会不可避免地被氛围所感染。不出三十秒钟，一切矜持都没有必要了。一种夹杂着恐惧和报复情绪的快意，一种要杀人、虐待、用大铁锤痛打别人脸孔的欲望，似乎象一股电流一般穿过了这一群人，甚至使你违反本意地变成一个恶声叫喊的疯子。然而，你所感到的那种狂热情绪是一种抽象的、无目的的感情，好象喷灯的火焰一般，可以从一个对象转到另一个对象。

  The horrible thing about the Two Minutes Hate was not that one was obliged to act a part, but that it was impossible to avoid joining in. Within thirty seconds any pretence was always unnecessary. A hideous ecstasy of fear and vindictiveness, a desire to kill, to torture, to smash faces in with a sledge hammer, seemed to flow through the whole group of people like an electric current, turning one even against one's will into a grimacing, screaming lunatic. And yet the rage that one felt was an abstract, undirected emotion which could be switched from one object to another like the flame of a blowlamp.

• 从温斯顿站着的地方，正好可以看到党的三句口号，这是用很漂亮的字体写在白色的墙面上的：
  战争即和平
  自由即奴役
  无知即力量

  Then the face of Big Brother faded away again and instead the three slogans of the Party stood out in bold capitals:
            WAR IS PEACE
      FREEDOM IS SLAVERY
  IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH

• 不论他是写打倒老大哥，还是他没有写，并没有什么不同。不论他是继续写日记，还是他没有继续写，也没有什么不同。思想警察还是会逮到他的。他已经犯了——即使他没有用笔写在纸上，也还是犯了的——包含一切其他罪行的根本大罪。这明做思想罪。思想罪可不是能长期隐匿的。

  Whether he went on with the diary, or whether he did not go on with it, made no difference. The Thought Police would get him just the same. He had committed— would still have committed, even if he had never set pen to paper— the essential crime that contained all others in itself. Thoughtcrime, they called it. Thoughtcrime was not a thing that could be concealed forever.

第二章

除了你脑壳里的几个立方厘米以外，没有东西是属于你自己的。

• 写给未来或写给过去，写给一个思想自由的时代，写给一个人人各异又不孤独为继的时代——写给一个真相常在、既往也不能被抹杀的时代：来自同化无异的年代，来自荒僻独居的年代，来自老大哥的年代，来自双重思考的年代——敬礼！

  To the future or to the past, to a time when thought is free, when men are different from one another and do not live alone — to a time when truth exists and what is done cannot be undone: From the age of uniformity, from the age of solitude, from the age of Big Brother, from the age of doublethink — greetings!

• 除了你脑壳里的几个立方厘米以外，没有东西是属于你自己的。

  Nothing was your own except the few cubic centimetres inside your skull.

• 思想罪不会带来死亡，思想罪本身就是死亡。

  Thoughtcrime does not entail death, thoughtcrime IS death.

第三章

• 他认为，悲剧是属于古代的事。
  • Tragedy, he perceived, belonged to the ancient time.
• 如果别人都相信党说的谎话——如果所有记录都这么说——那么这个谎言就载入历史而成为真理。
  • And if all others accepted the lie which the Party imposed -if all records told the same tale — then the lie passed into history and became truth.
• 谁控制过去就控制未来，谁控制现在就控制过去。
  • Who controls the past controls the future. Who controls the present controls the past.

第四章

• Doubleplusungood （双加不好）

第七章

如果有希望的话，希望在无产者身上。

• 如果有希望的话，希望在无产者身上。
  • If there is hope... it lies in the proles.
• 所谓自由就是可以说二加二等于四的自由。承认这一点，其他一切就迎刃而解。
  • Freedom is the freedom to say that two plus two make four. If that is granted, all else follows.
• 他心中寻思，他自已是不是个疯子，这，他已想过好几次了。也许所谓疯子就是个人少数派。
  • He wondered, as he had many times wondered before, whether he himself was a lunatic. Perhaps a lunatic was simply a minority of one.

第二部

第五章

• 每天落在伦敦的火箭可能是大洋国政府自己发射的，“目的只是为了要吓唬人民”。
  • The rocket bombs which fell daily on London were probably fired by the Government of Oceania itself, "just to keep people frightened."
• “你只是一个腰部以下的叛逆者，”他对她说。
  • "You're only a rebel from the waist downwards," he told her.

第七章

• “我不是说招供。招供不是出卖。无论你说的或做的是什么都无所谓。有所谓的是感情。如果他们能使我不再爱你——那才是真正的出卖。”
  她想了一会儿。“这他们做不到，”她最后说。“这是他们唯一做不到的事。不论他们可以使你说些什么话，但是他们不能使你相信这些话。他们不能钻到你肚子里去。”
  “不能，”他比较有点希望地说，“不能；这话不错。他们不能钻到你肚子里去。如果你感到保持人性是值得的，即使这不能有任何结果，你也已经打败了他们。”
  • "Confession is not betrayal. What you say or do doesn't matter: only feelings matter. If they could make me stop loving you—that would be the real betrayal."
    She thought it over. "They can't do that," she said finally. "It's the one thing they can't do. They can't make you believe it. They can't get inside you."
    "No," he said a little more hopefully, "no; that's quite true. They can't get inside you. If you can feel that staying human is worth while, even when it can't have any result whatever, you've beaten them."

第九章

历代的统治者都想要他们的人民对客观世界接受一种不符实际的看法。

• 过去所有的科学成就，其基础就是根据经验的思维方法，但是违反英社的最根本原则。
  • The empirical method of thought, on which all the scientific achievements of the past were founded, is opposed to the most fundamental principles of Ingsoc.
• 有真理，就有非真理，如果你坚持真理；哪怕全世界都不同意你，你也没有发疯。
  • There was truth and there was untruth, and if you clung to the truth even against the whole world, you were not mad.
• 这本书使他神往，或者更确切地说，使他感到安心。应该说，它并没有告诉他什么新的东西，但这却是吸引他的一部分原因。它说出了他要说的话，如果他能够把他的零碎思想整理出来的话，他也会这么说的。写这本书的人的头脑同他的头脑一样，只是比他要有力得多，系统得多，无畏得多。他觉得，最好的书，是把你已经知道的东西告诉你的书。
  • The book fascinated him, or more exactly it reassured him. In a sense it told him nothing that was new, but that was part of the attraction. It said what he would have said, if it had been possible for him to set his scattered thoughts in order. It was the product of a mind similar to his own, but enormously more powerful, more systematic, less fear-ridden. The best books, he perceived, are those that tell you what you know already.
• 历代的统治者都想要他们的人民对客观世界接受一种不符实际的看法。
  • All rulers in all ages have tried to impose a false view of the world upon their followers.
• 战争是保持神志清醒的可靠保障，就统治阶级而言，这也许是所有保障中最重要的保障。战争虽有胜负，但任何统治阶级都不能完全乱来。
  • War was a sure safeguard of sanity, and so far as the ruling classes were concerned it was probably the most important of all safeguards. While wars could be won or lost, no ruling class could be completely irresponsible.
• 统治的秘诀就在于把相信自己一贯正确同从过去的错误汲取教训的能力结合起来。
  • For the secret of rulership is to combine a belief in one's own infallibility with the power to learn from past mistakes.
• 神志清醒不是统计数字所能表达的。
  • Sanity is not statistical.
• 和平部负责战争，真理部负责造谣，友爱部负责拷打，富裕部负责挨饿。
  • The Ministry of Peace concerns itself with war, the Ministry of Truth with lies, the Ministry of Love with torture, and the Ministry of Plenty with starvation.

第三部

第二章

• 我告诉你，温斯顿，现实不是外在的。现实存在于人的头脑中，不存在于任何其他地方。而且不存在于个人的头脑中，因为个人的头脑可能犯错误，而且反正很快就要死亡；现实只存在于党的头脑中，而党的头脑是集体的，不朽的。不论什么东西，党认为是真理就是真理。除了通过党的眼睛，是没有办法看到现实的。
  • I tell you Winston, that reality is not external. Reality exists in the human mind, and nowhere else. Not in the individual mind, which can make mistakes, and in any case soon perishes: only in the mind of the party, which is collective and immortal. Whatever the party holds to be truth, is truth. It is impossible to see reality except by looking through the eyes of the Party.
• “我怎么能不看到眼前的东西呢？二加二等于四呀。”
  “有时候是四，温斯顿。但有时候是五。有时候是三。有时候全是。你得再努力一些。要神志健全，不是容易的事。”
  • "How can I help seeing what is in front of my eyes? Two and two are four."
    "Sometimes, Winston. Sometimes they are five. Sometimes they are three. Sometimes they are all of them at once. You must try harder. It is not easy to become sane."
• 我们并不因为异端分子抗拒我们才毁灭他；只要他抗拒一天，我们就不毁灭他。我们要改造他，争取他的内心，使他脱胎换骨。我们要把他的一切邪念和幻觉都统统烧掉；我们要把他争取到我们这一边来，不仅仅是在外表上，而且是在内心里真心诚意站到我们这一边来。我们在杀死他之前也要把他改造成为我们的人。[...]但是我们却要在粉碎那个脑壳之前把那脑袋改造完美。
  • We do not destroy the heretic because he resists us: so long as he resists us we never destroy him. We convert him, we capture his inner mind, we reshape him. We burn all evil and all illusion out of him; we bring him over to our side, not in appearance, but genuinely, heart and soul. We make him one of ourselves before we kill him. [...] we make the brain perfect before we blow it out.
• 以前的专制暴政的告诫是‘你干不得’。集权主义的告诫是‘你得干’。我们则是‘你是’。
  • The command of the old despotisms was Thou shalt not. The command of the totalitarians was Thou shalt. Our command is Thou art.
• 你不再可能有正常人的感情。你心里什么都成了死灰。你不再可能有爱情、友谊、生活的乐趣、欢笑、好奇、勇气、正直。你是空无所有。我们要把你挤空，然后再把我们自己填充你。
  • Never again will you be capable of ordinary human feeling. Everything will be dead inside you. Never again will you be capable of love, or friendship, or joy of living, or laughter, or curiosity, or courage, or integrity. You will be hollow. We shall squeeze you empty and then we shall fill you with ourselves.

第三章

• 党要当权完全是为了它自己。我们对别人的好处并没有兴趣。我们只对权力有兴趣。不论财富、奢侈、长寿或者幸福，我们都没有兴趣，只对权力，纯粹的权力有兴趣。纯粹的权力是什么意思，你马上就会知道。我们与以往的所有寡头政体都不同，那是在于我们知道自己在干什么。所有其他寡头政治家，即使那些同我们相象的人，也都是些懦夫和伪君子。
  • The Party seeks power entirely for its own sake. We are not interested in the good of others; we are interested solely in power. Not wealth or luxury or long life or happiness: only power, pure power. What pure power means you will understand presently. We are different from all the oligarchies of the past, in that we know what we are doing. All the others, even those who resembled ourselves, were cowards and hypocrites.
• 我们很明白，没有人会为了废除权力而夺取权力。权力不是手段，权力是目的。建立专政不是为了保卫革命；反过来进行革命是为了建立专政。迫害的目的是迫害。拷打的目的是拷打。权力的目的是权力。
  • We know that no one ever seizes power with the intention of relinquishing it. Power is not a means; it is an end. One does not establish a dictatorship in order to safeguard a revolution; one makes the revolution in order to establish the dictatorship. The object of persecution is persecution. The object of torture is torture. The object of power is power.

• 他也感觉到了，母亲对他的爱，连同他视母亲之死为惨剧的认知，落入了一个已经过去的时代。当时，“爱”与“惨剧”之类的词还有一点真正的意义，正如人类个体尚存一点真正的尊严。
  • He also felt that his mother's love for him and his awareness of her death as a tragedy belonged to a bygone age when words like love and tragedy had some real meaning just as human individuals possessed some real dignity.

• 古代的各种文明都话自己是建筑在博爱和正义之上的。我们的文明则建筑在仇恨上。在我们的世界里，除了恐惧、狂怒、得意、自贬以外，没有别的感情。其他一切都要摧毁。
  • The old civilizations claimed that they were founded on love or justice. Ours is founded upon hatred. In our world there will be no emotions except fear, rage, triumph, and self-abasement. Everything else we shall destroy— everything.

• 我们要消灭掉性的快感。我们的神经病学家正在研究这个问题。除了对党忠诚以外，没有其他忠诚。除了爱老大哥以外，没有其他的爱。除了因打败敌人而笑以外，没有其他的笑。不再有艺术，不再有文学，不再有科学。
  • We shall abolish the orgasm. Our neurologists are at work upon it now. There will be no loyalty, except loyalty towards the Party. There will be no love, except the love of Big Brother. There will be no laughter, except the laugh of triumph over a defeated enemy. There will be no art, no literature, no science.

• 不再有好奇心，不再有生命过程的应用。一切其他乐趣都要消灭掉。但是，温斯顿，请你不要忘了，对于权力的沉醉，却永远存在，而且不断地增长，不断地越来越细腻。每时每刻，永远有胜利的欢悦，践踏束手待毙的敌人的快澸。
  如果你要设想一幅未来的图景，就想象一只脚踩在一张人脸上好了——永远如此。
  • There will be no curiosity, no enjoyment of the process of life. All competing pleasures will be destroyed. But always— do not forget this, Winston— always there will be the intoxication of power, constantly increasing and constantly growing subtler. Always, at every moment, there will be the thrill of victory, the sensation of trampling on an enemy who is helpless.
    If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face— forever.

• 如果你是人，温斯顿，那你就是最后一个人了。你那种人已经绝迹；我们是后来的新人。你不明白你是孤家寡人？你处在历史之外，你不存在。
  • If you are a man, Winston, you are the last man. Your kind is extinct; we are the inheritors. Do you understand that you are alone? You are outside history, you are non-existent.

第四章

• 到死还在恨他们，那就是自由。
  • To die hating them, that was freedom.

第五章

• “你有一次问我，”奥勃良说，“101号房里有什么。我告诉你，你早已知道了答案。人人都知道这个答案。101号房里的东西是世界上最可怕的东西。”
  • "You asked me once," said O'Brien, "what was in Room 101. I told you that you knew the answer already. Everyone knows it. The thing that is in Room 101 is the worst thing in the world."

第六章

• 她说过，“他们不能钻到你体内去。”但是他们能够。奥勃良说过，“你在这里碰到的事情是 永远不灭的。”这话不错。有些事情，你自己的行为，是无法挽回的。你的心胸里有什么东西已经给掐死了，烧死了，腐蚀掉了。
  • "They can't get inside you," she had said. But they could get inside you. "What happens to you here is forever," O'Brien had said. That was a true word. There were things, your own acts, from which you could never recover. Something was killed in your breast: burnt out, cauterized out.

• 在茂密的栗子树下，我出卖了你，你也出卖了我。他们躺在那儿，我们躺在这儿，在茂密的栗子树下。
  • Under the spreading chestnut tree
    I sold you and you sold me.
    There lie they, and here lie we
    Under the spreading chestnut tree.

• 所有的一切都解决了，所有的斗争也都过去了。温斯顿已经战胜了自己，他爱老大哥了。
  • But it was all right, everything was all right, the struggle was finished. He had won the victory over himself. He loved Big Brother.

附录

• 新话的目的不仅是为英社的信徒提供表达适当的世界观和思维习惯的手段，还要让所有其他的思维模式都不可能存在。
  • The purpose of Newspeak was not only to provide a medium of expression for the world-view and mental habits proper to the devotees of Ingsoc, but to make all other modes of thought impossible.

参见

• 《动物庄园》
• 《我们》、《美丽新世界》：与《一九八四》同为反乌托邦小说代表作

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